注：这里以 **识别集装箱号** 为案例进行演示 # 相关网站 - paddlepaddle：https://www.paddlepaddle.org.cn/ - github：https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleOCR/tree/main # 1 环境配置 当前使用的是虚拟环境： - python：3.11 - paddlepaddle：3.1 - paddleocr：3.1.0 ## 1.1 安装paddlepaddle 网站：https://www.paddlepaddle.org.cn/install/quick?docurl=/documentation/docs/zh/develop/install/pip/linux-pip.html 需要注意自己的 CUDA 版本，不要过高即可，查看命令： ```bash nvidia-smi ``` 输出如下： ``` +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | NVIDIA-SMI 525.105.17 Driver Version: 525.105.17 CUDA Version: 12.0 | |-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+ | GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC | | Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. | | | | MIG M. | |===============================+======================+======================| | 0 Tesla T4 On | 00000000:00:09.0 Off | 0 | | N/A 27C P8 8W / 70W | 4MiB / 15360MiB | 0% Default | | | | N/A | +-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+ +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Processes: | | GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory | | ID ID Usage | |=============================================================================| | No running processes found | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ``` 当前电脑的 CUDA 版本为 12.0，所以下载 小于等于 12.0版本的paddlepaddle 即可 ```bash python -m pip install paddlepaddle-gpu==3.1.0 -i https://www.paddlepaddle.org.cn/packages/stable/cu118/ ``` 检查是否安装成功： ```bash python -c "import paddle; paddle.utils.run_check()" ``` 输出以下内容即代表成功： ``` (ocr) root@VM-0-80-ubuntu:/workspace# python -c "import paddle; paddle.utils.run_check()" /root/miniforge3/envs/ocr/lib/python3.11/site-packages/paddle/utils/cpp_extension/extension_utils.py:715: UserWarning: No ccache found. Please be aware that recompiling all source files may be required. You can download and install ccache from: https://github.com/ccache/ccache/blob/master/doc/INSTALL.md warnings.warn(warning_message) Running verify PaddlePaddle program ... I0710 06:19:32.810492 2651 pir_interpreter.cc:1524] New Executor is Running ... W0710 06:19:32.813128 2651 gpu_resources.cc:114] Please NOTE: device: 0, GPU Compute Capability: 7.5, Driver API Version: 12.0, Runtime API Version: 11.7 I0710 06:19:35.382279 2651 pir_interpreter.cc:1547] pir interpreter is running by multi-thread mode ... PaddlePaddle works well on 1 GPU. PaddlePaddle is installed successfully! Let's start deep learning with PaddlePaddle now. ``` ## 1.2 下载paddleocr 下载网站：https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleOCR/releases 当前使用的版本是 3.1.0 下载后解压 ```bash unzip PaddleOCR-3.1.0.zip ``` 安装依赖 ```bash cd PaddleOCR-3.1.0 pip install -r requirements.txt --user ``` 测试是否能正常运行： ```bash python tools/infer/predict_system.py --image_dir="/workspace/img/" --use_angle_cls=True --use_space_char=True ``` 输出以下内容即成功： ``` ppocr INFO: not find det model file path None ``` # 2 准备数据集 ## 2.1 标注工具 ### 2.1.1 PPOcrLabel > 存在问题：EXE 安装包运行会报错。但是该工具在本地运行标注的话还是比较推荐的。 下载地址： - 专门为 PPOCR 制作的标注工具 ### 2.1.2 X-AnyLabeling 下载地址： - 支持多种导出格式，其中就支持 PPOCR 的格式 ## 2.2 数据集结构 示例： ``` conno/1b4e2845-e9ba-4233-9268-bf07801ace0e.jpg [{"transcription": "RKSU5020243", "points": [[233, 317], [299, 317], [258, 833], [181, 839]], "difficult": false}] conno/6ffd244b-1d27-4084-998b-e4d7ac076c5f.jpg [{"transcription": "ZGXU6173701", "points": [[717, 448], [781, 419], [835, 980], [751, 996]], "difficult": false}] conno/0ba730a8-052b-4662-88fa-bfd3c7dbd118.jpg [{"transcription": "WHLU5706937", "points": [[565, 567], [915, 485], [915, 551], [578, 635]], "difficult": false}] conno/8f50bf55-f825-43ac-87a5-f744aa3c2099.jpg [{"transcription": "EISU9420010", "points": [[295, 744], [624, 747], [618, 813], [299, 806]], "difficult": false}] conno/33e22c52-64b6-4715-87d9-d3a7823b97f7.jpg [{"transcription": "SSKU1302201", "points": [[660, 676], [960, 671], [966, 724], [662, 737]], "difficult": false}] conno/34a24249-7670-4be2-981f-19c502ee7da2.jpg [{"transcription": "TKRU4507940", "points": [[660, 395], [724, 395], [717, 882], [619, 902]], "difficult": false}] conno/67ead2d0-89c0-455c-aef0-49a76a3492aa.jpg [{"transcription": "待识别", "points": [[585, 415], [589, 415], [593, 501], [917, 341], [893, 263]], "difficult": false}] conno/78c58cfa-ff0f-4890-9fd9-07a0b639b9ca.jpg [{"transcription": "LYGU3568255", "points": [[553, 393], [587, 491], [972, 334], [983, 245]], "difficult": false}] conno/481aee74-f9ce-4145-a8c7-f4c1f45fcc75.jpg [{"transcription": "RKSU4005584", "points": [[56, 298], [19, 935], [101, 937], [115, 280]], "difficult": false}] conno/630d6e72-f99d-4922-8886-ea14f9e1a9bd.jpg [{"transcription": "FCIU2682384", "points": [[562, 737], [572, 803], [867, 712], [858, 655]], "difficult": false}] conno/9751b358-0b48-4006-8a73-89e816d37b67.jpg [{"transcription": "CNIU2452605", "points": [[608, 801], [606, 867], [908, 837], [906, 773]], "difficult": false}] ``` # 3 准备预训练模型 > 如果已经有预训练模型的话，可以忽略这一步。 下载地址：https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleOCR/blob/release/3.1/docs/version3.x/model_list.md 如果报 404 的话，根据 版本 + 路径 进行查找即可。 ## 3.1 文本检测训练模型 PP-OCRv5_mobile_det ![image-20250710162314463](./assets/paddleocr/image-20250710162314463.png) ## 3.2 文本识别训练模型 PP-OCRv5_mobile_rec ![image-20250710162351772](./assets/paddleocr/image-20250710162351772.png) # 4 数据整理 ## 4.1 检测模型所需数据准备 # 报错处理 ## ImportError: libGL.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory ### 问题原因 - 缺少 `libGL.so.1` 库 ### 解决方案 ```bash sudo apt update sudo apt install libgl1-mesa-glx ``` ## all input arrays must have the same shap ### 问题原因 - 图像尺寸不一致 ### 解决方案 将 batch_size_per_card 设置为 1 ```yaml Eval: loader: batch_size_per_card: 1 ``` ## OSError: cannot open resource ### 问题原因 - 字体路径无效 ### 解决方案 将paddleocr里面的字体放到系统字体路径下，例如： ```bash cp /workspace/PaddleOCR-3.1.0/doc/fonts/simfang.ttf /usr/share/fonts/ ```