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# **一、独立下载安装nodejs(若想切换使用多版本nodejs,请直接转至第二节)**
1、访问https://nodejs.org/en/地址,切换到download目录下的Prebuilt Installer的tab页,选择相应版本进行下载:
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20240410163414144-427544868.png)
或者直接去列表里查找想要下载的版本:https://nodejs.org/dist/
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20241018114323936-1844242583.png)
2、安装完成后,添加环境变量
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20240410163841369-1133262585.png)
Pah中新建nodejs安装路径,如:D:\Program Files\node\nodejs
3、使用cmd命令,查看node版本
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20240410164106670-257379519.png)
4、查看npm默认存放的位置
```
npm get prefix
npm get cache
```
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20240410164727553-1497806551.png)
如果需要修改指定路径可以进行修改,若进行修改需要相应添加系统变量:
```
npm config set prefix "D:\..."
npm config set cache "D:\..."
```
# **二、安装nvm,并利用nvm安装管理多个nodejs版本(无需独立下载安装nodejs,若已安装需要先卸载)**
1、安装nvm
nvm是一个简单的bash脚本,它是用来管理系统中多个已存的Node.js版本
注:如果在安装nvm前已经安装了node,建议先将原来的node进行卸载或删除,可通过where node查看node安装路径:
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815163105131-1420632637.png)
(1)下载并安装nvm,下载地址:https://github.com/coreybutler/nvm-windows/releases,下载.zip后缀的这个文件,下载后解压安装即可
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815154226238-359528291.png)
(2)配置镜像源,从安装目录中找到settings.txt文件将一下配置复制进去
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815154356500-781734063.png)
```
node_mirror: http://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node/
npm_mirror: http://registry.npmmirror.com/mirrors/npm/
```
否则执行nvm list available会报错:
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20240410153748815-1410794935.png)
(3)查看安装的版本号,检查安装是否成功:nvm
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815160406164-241997583.png)
(4)安装完后,通过环境变量可以查看到相关路径设置:
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815160700818-1341311032.png)
2、使用nvm安装多版本nodejs
(1)查看nodejs所有版本
```
nvm list available
```
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815160850386-1312464558.png)
(2)安装指定版本
```
nvm install 18.16.0
```
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815161016883-1770065586.png)
(3)使用指定版本或切换到指定版本
```
nvm ues 18.16.0
```
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815161656144-1744125380.png)
(4)查看当前版本信息
```
node -v (查看当前版本)
nvm list (查看已安装的所有nodejs版本)
```
![img](./assets/windows%E4%B8%8Bnvm%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E5%92%8C%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/81544-20230815162127646-1370878516.png)
(5)卸载指定版本
```
nvm uninstall 18.16.0
```
(6)其他nvm常用命令
```
nvm off // 禁用node.js版本管理(不卸载任何东西)
nvm on // 启用node.js版本管理
nvm install <version> // 安装node.js的命名 version是版本号 例如:nvm install 8.12.0
nvm uninstall <version> // 卸载node.js是的命令,卸载指定版本的nodejs,当安装失败时卸载使用
nvm ls // 显示所有安装的node.js版本
nvm list available // 显示可以安装的所有node.js的版本
nvm use <version> // 切换到使用指定的nodejs版本
nvm v // 显示nvm版本
nvm install stable // 安装最新稳定版
```
3、遇到问题
在新机上安装nvm以及nodejs,安装完后 nvm ues 18.16.0 设置当前版本没有反应,
通过查看在安装nvm的时候,设置的nodejs路径下(settings.txt文件里的path值)没有相应文件夹,也就是系统变量下NVM_SYMLINK的路径文件夹不存在。
解决方案:下载任意版本nodejs安装到系统变量NVM_SYMLINK的路径文件夹下,然后再卸载掉,通过 nvm ues 18.16.0再切换到指定版本,可解决。